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When work and worry collide: the mixed methods exploration of the impact of family work schedules and parental stress on children’s reading comprehension

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-025-05802-y

Published Online: 2025-11-11

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Liu, Hao
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Article History

Received: 26 August 2024

Accepted: 19 August 2025

First Online: 11 November 2025

Competing interests

: The author declares no competing interests.

: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki and received approval from the Institutional Review Board of the College of Education at Changchun Normal University (Protocol Number: CCNU-EDU-2022-047) on August 14, 2022. All procedures involving human participants were conducted in compliance with relevant national and institutional ethical standards and regulations.

: Written informed consent was obtained during the period of August and September 2022, prior to any data collection, from the parents or legal guardians of all 627 child participants. Children also provided age-appropriate verbal assent before participating. Participants were fully informed about the study's purpose, procedures, potential benefits and risks, and their right to withdraw at any time without consequences. Participants were also explicitly assured of the confidentiality and anonymity of their responses.

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