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Authors
Dai, Tao
Lin, Siew Eng
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Sichuan Foreign Languages and Literature Research Center (SCWY22-07)
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Article History
Received: 25 February 2025
Accepted: 26 August 2025
First Online: 31 October 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Southwest University of Science and Technology (SWUST-2022-011) on November 28, 2022. All procedures involving human participants were conducted in strict accordance with the relevant guidelines and regulations, including the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their involvement in the study. The consent procedure involved providing a detailed information letter outlining the study’s purpose, procedures, benefits, data usage, and publication plans. Participants were given ample time to review the information and ask questions before providing consent. Initially, a pilot study was conducted with 182 participants, from whom consent was obtained on 15 June 2023. Following refinements to the research instrument based on the pilot, a new cohort of 209 participants was recruited for the main study, and informed consent was obtained from these individuals on 20 December 2023.
