Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Zhang, Ershen
Wang, Guoen
Zhou, Yajuan
-
Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Guoen Wang (Guoen Wang, Guoen Wang, Guoen Wang)
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 23 January 2025
Accepted: 27 August 2025
First Online: 30 September 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. On June 6, 2025, the Ethics Committee of Wuhan University granted an exemption from ethical review for this study (Exemption No. WHU-HSS-IRB2025048). The exemption document is available at getthappy/ES.git. This ethics statement clarifies that the study does not represent a retrospective approval but rather constitutes an exemption from ethical review.
: After the survey commenced on 20 September 2022, the research team informed each participant of the study’s purpose and their right to participate voluntarily before each participant completed the questionnaire, and obtained informed consent from them prior to data collection.
