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Authors
Yang, Yanni
Lei, Ping
Pei, Xueke
Zhang, Rui
Xiang, Anling
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Article History
Received: 25 May 2024
Accepted: 8 September 2025
First Online: 7 November 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declared no competing interests.
: Ethical approval for this study was granted by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of China Three Gorges University (approval no. 2023FA007; date: 22 March 2023). All procedures were conducted in compliance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, as well as applicable policies and regulations concerning research involving human participants. All data collected were used exclusively for research purposes.
: Informed consent was waived for this study by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of China Three Gorges University, as the research utilized only publicly accessible data that contained no private or sensitive personal information. All data were obtained from open sources upon request and were used in accordance with applicable regulations and ethical guidelines.
