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Article History

Received: 12 September 2024

Accepted: 8 September 2025

First Online: 10 November 2025

Competing interests

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The research reported in this article has obtained ethics approval from the Research Ethics Committee of Psychological Research & Education Center Southeast University (approval number: R#2023-1021; date of approval: June 21, 2023). All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

: Electronic informed consent was obtained from all participants before the start of the survey in September 2023. Participants were required to review and acknowledge the consent form. The consent form outlined the study’s purpose (e.g., examining the relationship between SVA and psychological characteristics), the use of the collected data (i.e., solely for scientific research and publication purposes with no personally identifiable information retained), the confidentiality of private information, participant rights (including the right of withdrawal at any time without punishment), and no potential risk of this survey. Participants indicated their consent by selecting the “Agree” option on the introduction page, which then provided access to the formal survey.