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Authors
Hu, Yue
Lu, Yan
Kuang, Tingyue
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Zhejiang Social Science Planning Project Achievements (25NDJC023YBM)
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Article History
Received: 17 October 2024
Accepted: 30 September 2025
First Online: 17 November 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the School of Hospitality Administration of Zhejiang Yuexiu University on September 14, 2023 (approval number: ZJYXU20230914001). All procedures involving human participants in the research were performed in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional academic committee and with the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable standards.
: Informed consent was obtained from October 8 to October 31, 2023. All participants were thoroughly informed about the purpose and scope of the study, including how their data would be utilized, and they were assured that no personal or identifiable information would be collected or disclosed. Furthermore, since the data was gathered through an online survey, their anonymity was guaranteed.
