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Authors
Bhanye, Johannes
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Andrew W. Mellon Foundation (41600690)
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Article History
Received: 26 May 2025
Accepted: 7 November 2025
First Online: 18 December 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was reviewed and exempted from full ethical review by the University of Zimbabwe Research Ethics Committee (ID: UZREC/2018/0103) on 01 March 2018. All procedures involving human participants were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, the National Research Ethics Guidelines of Zimbabwe, and the University of Zimbabwe’s Code of Ethics. Prior to data collection, each participant was provided with a detailed information sheet outlining their rights, responsibilities, and confidentiality safeguards, and gave written informed consent.
: All participants provided written informed consent before inclusion in the study. Informed consent was obtained from the 5 th of March 2018. The process included a clear explanation of the study, potential risks, benefits, and the voluntary nature of participation.
