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Authors
An, Yuerong
Peng, Xiangguo
Xia, Yu
Zhao, Junming
Liu, Jiaxin
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Article History
Received: 28 November 2024
Accepted: 11 November 2025
First Online: 26 November 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Ethics approval was obtained by institutional review board of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (IRB of UCAS). All research was performed in accordance with relevant guidelines/regulations applicable. The approval was obtained retrospectively. (As the Science and Technology Ethics Committee of UCAS was established in May 2023 and the “Measures for the Review of Science and Technology Ethics” came into effect in October 2023, an ethical review could not be conducted before the start of this study). During the publication process, the study supplemented the ethical review process as required, confirmed the study met the ethical requirements of UCAS and the content of the 1964 Helsinki Declaration, and obtained ethical approval (No: UCASSTEC24-025, Date of approval: November 1, 2024). Scope of approval: including 1. Application Form for Ethical review of science and technology of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences. 2. Personal Information Anonymity Form (including Informed Consent). 3. Q Method Questionnaire. Approve the purpose, methods, data usage and publication of this study. This study does not involve scientific and technological experiments involving humans or animals, nor does it have related risks, and it belongs to a project whose risk occurrence probability and degree are not higher than the lowest risk in the Science and technology ethics of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences.
: Informed consent was obtained by oral from each participant on the spot during the experiment implementation period (Date: September 1st–November 30th, 2021). All consents were collected by the authors. Due to the consideration of time control in the experiment, the author provided a detailed description and obtained oral consent before participation. Participation in this study indicates that the participants are informed and agree. Scope of the consent: participation, the purpose of the study, process, methods of data use, any risks to them of participating and consent to publish. All participants have been fully informed that their anonymity is assured.
