Document is current
Any future updates will be listed below
-
Authors
Aquino, Antonio
Paolini, Daniele
Nieli, Mariaconcetta
Alparone, Francesca Romana
- License Information
-
More Information
Article History
Received: 1 November 2024
Accepted: 25 November 2025
First Online: 9 December 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, the ethical standards of the APA Code of Conduct, and the ethical principles outlined by the Italian Association of Psychology (AIP; ). Ethical approval body: Ethics Committee of the “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara and the Provinces of Chieti and Pescara, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science. Type of approval: exemption from ethical approval (waiver). Exemption number/ID: not applicable (no formal ID issued for exemptions under local regulations). Date when exemption was granted: 30 June 2022 Reason for exemption: at the time of data collection, Ethics Committee of the “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara and the Provinces of Chieti and Pescara, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science was responsible for research involving (a) medical data, (b) neuroimaging data, (c) pharmacological treatments, (d) animal research, or (e) studies entailing potential physical or psychological risks to participants. Our study did not fall within these categories; therefore, ethical approval was not required. Additional information: In line with the AIP ethical code (comma 11), researchers are encouraged to establish an ethics committee when one is not available. Such a committee has since been created at the Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science (Human Research Review Board).
: All participants were informed about the aims and procedures of the study, and written informed consent was obtained individually from each participant prior to every data collection session. Informed consent was collected between 30 September 2022 and 30 November 2022 (the end of data collection). Participation was voluntary, and respondents were assured of the anonymity and confidentiality of their data, in compliance with the European Regulation (EU) no. 679/2016 (GDPR). The scope of the consent covered both participation in the study and the use of the collected data.
