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Authors
Jodoi, Kota
Takenaka, Nobu
Nakagawa, Shiina
Inoue, Narahiko
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (22K18593)
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (22K18593)
The Telecommunications Advancement Foundation
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Article History
Received: 5 December 2024
Accepted: 1 December 2025
First Online: 20 December 2025
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Ethical approval was obtained from the Human Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Languages and Cultures, Kyushu University, on May 7, 2024. All research procedures were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their participation in the experiment on June 22, 2024. All participants consented to participation, data use, and publication before joining the study.
