Retraction Retraction dated 2026-04-07

Article History

Received: 12 August 2025

Accepted: 23 December 2025

First Online: 9 January 2026

Change Date: 23 February 2026

Change Type: Update

Change Details: Editor’s Note: The Editorial team is conducting an investigation into the concerns raised about this paper. Any necessary editorial action will be taken upon completion of this assessment.

Change Date: 7 April 2026

Change Type: Correction

Change Details: This article has been retracted. Please see the Retraction Notice for more detail:

Change Details: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-026-07239-3

Competing interests

: The author declares no competing interests.

: This article does not contain any studies with human participants performed by any of the author.

: This article does not contain any studies with human participants performed by any of the author.