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Authors
Li, Liang
Li, Hong
Zhang, Li
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Major Projects in Philosophy and Social Sciences of Ministry of Education of China (21JZD063)
National Social Science Fund of China (23BSH162)
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Article History
Received: 20 December 2024
Accepted: 5 February 2026
First Online: 18 February 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee for Non-Clinical Faculties, School of Psychology, South China Normal University (Approval No. SCNU-PSY-2022-050) on March 15, 2022, prior to the commencement of the research. All procedures involving human participants were performed in strict accordance with the ethical standards of the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. The scope of approval encompassed the entire protocol, including participant recruitment, administration of online questionnaires, collection of socioeconomic and psychological data, and the secure storage and analysis of de-identified data. No modifications to the protocol were made after approval. The committee confirmed the study posed minimal risk to participants and ensured adequate protection of their rights and interests.
: Written informed consent (electronic) was obtained from all individual participants (aged 18–29 years) prior to their participation, with consent provided between March 15 and April 22, 2022 (during scheduled class periods, typically at the end of lectures). Participants were recruited via class WeChat groups of selected majors (distributed by course instructors upon approval); they were required to read a detailed electronic consent form on the survey’s landing page and click “Agree and Continue” to proceed. The scope of consent covered voluntary participation, the use of de-identified data for statistical analysis, and the publication of aggregated results. As a non-interventional survey, participants were fully informed of the study’s purpose regarding post-pandemic life satisfaction, assured of strict anonymity (no personally identifiable information collected), and notified of their right to withdraw at any time without penalty. No vulnerable groups were involved. Raw data is stored securely for three years, and participants received 3 RMB as compensation for their time.
