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Authors
Wang, Youli https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9160-1607
Fang, Honghuan https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7874-8194
Pan, Baocheng https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7713-9535
Sun, Jingkai
Feng, Ziyi
Ren, Bijing
Yuan, Keman
Xu, Pin
Xiao, Bowen
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
This study was supported by Shanghai Normal University’s Top\u001eNotch Innovative Talent Cultivation Program for Doctoral Students
China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2023M742374)
Brain Science and Brain-like Intelligence Technology - National Science and Technology Major Project (2022ZD0209000)
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Article History
Received: 17 December 2024
Accepted: 11 February 2026
First Online: 27 February 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was reviewed and approved by the Scientific Research Ethics Committee of Shanghai Normal University (Approval No. 2022043). Ethical approval was granted on May 5, 2022, prior to the commencement of data collection. All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
: Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their participation in the study. Informed consent was formally obtained on December 1, 2023. Participants were fully informed about the purpose of the research, study procedures, confidentiality protections, and their right to withdraw at any time without penalty. All authors have provided explicit consent for the submission and publication of this manuscript.
