Dong, Hanghang
Li, Xiaoming
Liu, Yadi
Wang, Chan
Funding for this research was provided by:
Commission Humanities and Social Science Research Youth Program of 2024 Chongqing Municipal Education (24SKGH084)
Chongqing Normal University Foundation (24XWB008)
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (72403148)
the Project for Humanities and Social Sciences Project of the Ministry of Education (23YJC790069)
the Project for Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (ZR2023QG053)
the Project for Shandong Provincial Key Research and Development (2024RKY0101)
the Project for Shandong Social Science Planning Fund Program (23DJJJ17)
Project of the Research Center for Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era in Jiangsu Province (25ZXZB001)
Article History
Received: 1 December 2024
Accepted: 11 February 2026
First Online: 17 March 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Ethical approval was not required for this study because it involved a review and analysis of publicly available published literature and did not involve human participants or confidential data
: Informed consent was not required for this study because it did not involve human participants, human data, or identifiable personal information.