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Authors
Aslam, Muhammad Ali
Li, Zhaolei
Shabbir, Malik Shahzad
PĂUNESCU, Loredana Maria
Jaradat, Mohammad
Nazir, Hassan
SINISI, Crenguţa-Ileana
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, CHD ((Grant No. XJ2024003501).)
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Article History
Received: 9 March 2025
Accepted: 17 February 2026
First Online: 13 May 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Please note that according to Article 32 of the “Measures for Ethical Review of Life Science and Medical Research Involving Human” issued by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China ( , accessed on 29 December 2024), ethical review and approval were waived for this study. So, this study does not require ethical approval.
: All participants were fully informed about the purpose of the study, their voluntary participation, and the confidentiality of their responses. Participants were also made aware that they could withdraw from the study at any time without any consequences.
