Peng, Michael Yao-Ping
Yue, Xiaoyao
Zhang, Mohan
Article History
Received: 7 August 2024
Accepted: 18 February 2026
First Online: 23 March 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests, financial or otherwise, that could inappropriately influence or bias the results and interpretations presented in this manuscript.
: This study was performed in strict accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was formally granted by the Ethics Review Committee of the School of Economics and Management, Foshan University (Approval Code: FSU-2023-ETH-031). The approval was obtained in August 2023, prior to the commencement of data collection.
: Informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their involvement. The survey was conducted via paper-based questionnaires between September and October 2023. Each questionnaire included a cover page detailing the study’s purpose and the voluntary nature of participation. By completing and returning the anonymous questionnaire to a designated collection box, participants provided their informed consent. This procedure was approved by the Ethics Review Committee of Foshan University (Ref: FSU-2023-ETH-031).