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Authors
Cao, Na
Yu, Linwei
Pan, Chaoping
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Wenzhou Philosophy and Social Sciences Planning ยท Oujiang Youth Special Project
the Interdisciplinary Research Project of the Peak Discipline (Pharmaceutical Sciences) at Wenzhou Medical University
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Article History
Received: 3 March 2025
Accepted: 25 February 2026
First Online: 6 March 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This article does not contain any studies with human participants performed by any of the authors, as it involved only the secondary analysis of publicly available data.
: Written informed consent was obtained from all participants during the data collection waves of 2002, 2005, 2008, 2011, 2014 and 2018. The consent process was administered by trained interviewers from the Research Center for Healthy Aging and Development of Peking University as part of the official CLHLS protocol.
