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Article History

Received: 19 December 2024

Accepted: 9 March 2026

First Online: 24 March 2026

Competing interests

: The author declares no competing interests.

: Approval for this study was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of Ewha Womans University (Date: January 26, 2023; IRB Approval No. ewha-202302-0002-01). All procedures involving human participants were performed in line with the relevant institutional research ethics guidelines and the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The scope of the approval covered all aspects of the study including participant recruitment, informed consent, data collection, data analysis, and confidentiality measures.

: Informed consent was obtained electronically from all participants by the author between February 18 and March 22, 2023, prior to the survey administration. The scope of the consent covered voluntary participation, the use of de-identified data for analysis, and the publication of the research findings. Participants were fully informed of the research objectives, the assurance of anonymity, and that their data would be utilised for research purposes to contribute to the advancement of the field. They were also notified of their right to withdraw at any time without disadvantage and that no foreseeable risks were associated with their participation beyond the time and effort required for the survey. The study did not involve any vulnerable individuals.