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Authors
Tuohetibake, Rukeye
Hong, Ze
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universidade de Macau (SRG2023-00041-FSS)
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Article History
Received: 23 October 2025
Accepted: 10 March 2026
First Online: 1 April 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The study was reviewed and approved by the University of Macau Social Sciences and Humanities Research Ethics Committee (SSHRE) (Approval No. SSHRE24-APP001-FSS) on March 1 st , 2024. All procedures were performed in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their involvement in the study in July and August of 2024. All participants were informed about the study’s purpose, the voluntary nature of their participation, their right to withdraw at any time without penalty, and the measures taken to ensure their anonymity and the confidentiality of their data.
