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Article History

Received: 17 July 2024

Accepted: 10 March 2026

First Online: 28 March 2026

Competing interests

: Chiara Monaldi’s work has been funded by the European Commission’s Joint Research Centre. She has received compensation as an external expert. Lorenzo Porcaro declares no potential conflict of interest.

: The methodology followed in the study was subject to ethics review procedures defined by the European Commission’s Joint Research Centre.

: Participants were fully informed about the voluntary nature of their participation, and they had the freedom to withdraw from the study at any point. They were also informed about their rights, including the right to access, correct, and delete their personal information. Furthermore, the information sheet outlined the research objectives, methodology, potential risks, and benefits. Informed consent was obtained from all participants, ensuring they agreed to participate with full awareness of the study’s details and their rights.