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Authors
Gan, Jiaqun
Wang, Mengyao
Chen, Yingying
Guo, Yunfei
Wang, Enguo
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF (CZC20252029)
Science and Technology Research Project of Henan Province (252102321092)
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Article History
Received: 6 May 2025
Accepted: 12 March 2026
First Online: 28 March 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The study was conducted in accordance with all ethical recommendations in line with the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical Approval was granted by the Institutional Review Board of Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Psychology and Behavior on March 24, 2025 (Approval number 20250324001).
: This article obtained prior consent from all human participants in the pre-test and formal survey. Study participants expressed voluntary and conscious agreement to participate in the study by signing a written informed consent form between April 10 and April 22, 2025, in written form by marking the statement that the consent included participation in the study and publication of the results.
