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Article History

Received: 16 October 2024

Accepted: 16 March 2026

First Online: 8 April 2026

Competing interests

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: This study did not require ethical approval as it utilizes only secondary data and does not involve human participants, human data, or human tissue. The research methodology focused exclusively on analyzing existing publicly available economic and investment data relating to venture capital investments and green innovation metrics. No primary data collection was conducted, and no individual human subjects were involved in any capacity during the research process.

: Informed consent was not required for this study as it does not involve human participants or their personal data. The research relies solely on aggregated secondary data sources for analyzing venture capital investments and green innovation patterns. No individual-level data or personal information was collected or analyzed in this research.