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Authors
YANG, Aoxiang
ZUO, Mingyang
PENG, Rui
GAO, Chen
PENG, Zongchao
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (72134003)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (62272262)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (62272262)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (72134003)
Tsinghua University (2022TSG03301)
Tsinghua University (2022TSG03301)
Beijing Natural Science Foundation (9264034)
National Social Science Fund of China (258ZD185)
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Article History
Received: 29 June 2025
Accepted: 27 March 2026
First Online: 15 April 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Ethical approval was not required for this study as it did not involve human participants, animal subjects, or sensitive personal data. The research consisted solely of computational simulations using publicly available large language models.
: Not applicable, as no human participants were recruited or involved in this study.
