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Retraction Note: The effect of ChatGPT on students’ learning performance, learning perception, and higher-order thinking: insights from a meta-analysis

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-026-07310-z

Published Online: 2026-04-22

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Wang, Jin

Fan, Wenxiang
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2026-04-22

Version of Record valid from 2026-04-22
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Article History

First Online: 22 April 2026

Change Date: 2 July 2026

Change Type: Update

Change Details: The text of retraction notice has been updated to reflect that the concerns were originally raised by Magnus Ingebrigtsen and Marko Lukic.

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