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Authors
Yu, Zhen
Wang, Jingyu
Zuo, Ting
Alm, James
Li, Xun
Li, Xue
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Social Science Fund of China (23STA013)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (72373115)
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Article History
Received: 10 May 2025
Accepted: 15 April 2026
First Online: 29 April 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study complied with the Declaration of Helsinki and applicable data protection laws. It was reviewed by a formal ethic committee of the School of Economics and Management, Wuhan University. An approval (No. 20250120) was obtained from the IRB committee on August 10 th 2024 to conduct this research.
: All participants were required to read a detailed study description before accessing the questionnaire. Consent was confirmed by the participant’s active submission of responses. The platform’s technical design prevented passive data collection, ensuring explicit confirmation via the “Submit” button.
