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Authors
You, Jialu
Xu, Jilan
Ye, Qing
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Science Foundation (Project No.22BJY185)
Research Foundation for Youth Scholars of Beijing Technology and Business University ((No.RFYS2025))
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Article History
Received: 12 July 2025
Accepted: 27 April 2026
First Online: 3 June 2026
Ethics
: This study uses administrative data (CNIPA transactions and statistical yearbooks) and does not involve human subjects; therefore, informed consent and IRB approval were not required.
: Informed consent was not required because the study did not involve human participants.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
