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Article History

Received: 26 February 2025

Accepted: 6 May 2026

First Online: 15 May 2026

Competing interests

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The survey process and procedures used in this study adhere to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethics approval was obtained from the Academic Committee of the Business School of Central University of Finance and Economics, China (No. 20230009, 7 November 2023). Before administering the formal survey, potential participants were contacted by phone to obtain consent. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection, between 8 November 2023 and 8 March 2024. Consent was obtained by research personnel between 8 November 2023 and 8 March 2024, after participants received both oral and written explanations of the study’s purpose, procedures, and confidentiality protections. No vulnerable populations were involved; all participants were expert practitioners capable of giving consent.

: The data collection process was conducted with strict adherence to ethical considerations. Informed consent was given to all respondents, and respondents were assured that data would be treated confidentially and used only for research purposes. They were also informed that all private information, including their names and their companies’ names, would be anonymized in the study results.