Bukhari, Fizza
Sarwar, Amna
Sattar, Asma
Rehman, Zahoor ur
Park, Sungwoo
Rho, Seungmin
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministry of Science and ICT, South Korea (IITP-2026-RS-2023-00266605)
National Research Foundation of Korea (RS-2025-00563192)
Article History
Received: 7 November 2025
Accepted: 7 May 2026
First Online: 25 May 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study did not involve human participants or their data; therefore, ethics approval is not applicable.
: This study did not involve human participants or their data, and therefore, no informed consent was obtained or required.