Sievers, Julie
Jalbert, Madeline
Goldstein, Miranda G.
Yan, Veronica X.
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Science Foundation,United States (2137519)
National Science Foundation,United States (2137519)
National Science Foundation,United States (2137519)
National Science Foundation,United States (2137519)
National Science Foundation, United States (2230616)
National Science Foundation, United States (2230616)
National Science Foundation, United States (2230616)
National Science Foundation, United States (2230616)
Article History
Received: 7 July 2025
Accepted: 13 May 2026
First Online: 29 May 2026
Ethics
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Ethics approval: The procedures conducted in this survey are covered under the second author’s Institutional Review Board (IRB) approval #STUDY00016466, dated October 3, 2022. The project was given exempt status because it only involved exempt procedures and low-risk information, involved benign behavioral interventions, and was collected from non-protected adult populations. All research was performed in accordance with human subject research guidelines.
Informed consent: Consent for participation and publication was obtained by all participants before their participation in the study. At the start of the survey, participants were informed in writing about the nature of the study, that their participation was voluntary, and that they could skip any questions they did not want to answer. Participants indicated their consent for the project team to use their data by continuing to the remainder of the survey and were informed that their data would be anonymized before being shared with a broader audience.