Document is current

Article History

Received: 28 March 2025

Accepted: 13 May 2026

First Online: 22 May 2026

Competing interests

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: This study was performed in accordance with the principles of the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. Ethical approval was obtained from the Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University School Ethics Review Panel. The approval is documented in a letter dated 26 June 2022 (Approval No. ER-DES-0010000021520220614162633), referencing the project titled “Exploring Dynamics of the Relationship between School Quality, Segregation and Housing Prices in Suzhou Submarket.” All procedures involving human participants were conducted in compliance with the relevant institutional guidelines and regulations.

: Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Prior to participation, each participant received an information sheet detailing the study’s purpose and procedures. All participants then signed an informed consent form before data collection began. The consent form outlined that participation was voluntary (with the right to withdraw at any time without consequence) and that the data collected would remain confidential and used only for the purposes of this research. Participants were also informed of their right to access the information they provided or request its deletion. By signing the form, each participant acknowledged that they had read and understood the study information and agreed to participate. Participants’ anonymity has been assured in all analyses and any subsequent publications, and no identifying personal information is included in the research report.