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Authors
Qayum, Maria
Xu, Zhao
Sohail, Muhammad Tayyab
Qayyum, Shanza
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (72271142)
Excellent Young and Middle-aged Science and Technology Innovation Team Program for Higher Education Institutions of Hubei Province (（T2022006))
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Article History
Received: 4 March 2025
Accepted: 18 May 2026
First Online: 30 May 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The human research ethics committee of China Three Gorges University approved this study (Ref. Number: CTGU-IRB/2024/MAR004). This study has been performed under the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Written informed consent for participation was obtained from respondents who participated in the survey. No data were collected from anyone under 18 years old.All authors agree to publish the version of the manuscript in this journal.
