Zhang, Mengmeng
Ma, Xin
Yang, Shuran
Zhao, Xudong
Kang, Chuanyuan
Ke, Qiang
Fu, Haojie
Funding for this research was provided by:
China Scholarship Council (202306260043)
Yunnan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (202102AA100062)
Early-Career Research Program for Newly Recruited PhDs (2024BS006)
Article History
Received: 20 May 2025
Accepted: 20 May 2026
First Online: 28 May 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Tongji University (Approval No. 2021tjdx062), with approval granted on April 27, 2021. All procedures adhered to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The ethical approval covered participant recruitment, informed consent, data collection, and data analysis.
: Written informed consent was obtained from all participants and their legal guardians prior to data collection in October 2023. Participants were informed that their participation was voluntary, and their responses would remain anonymous and confidential.