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Authors
Karabatak, Songül
Alanoglu, Muslim
Kuloğlu, Ayşenur
Polat, Süleyman
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu (323K013)
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Article History
Received: 24 February 2026
Accepted: 28 May 2026
First Online: 18 June 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The study has been approved by the Ethics Committee for Social and Human Sciences Research at Firat University (date: 30 May 2024, decision no: 2024-11). Official permission to conduct the study in state schools was granted by the Turkish Ministry of National Education (Application No: 202408153561435283; 15 August 2024). Furthermore, written informed consent was obtained from all participants on 25 September 2024 prior to data collection.
: Participants provided consent for the anonymous use of their data for scientific publication purposes.
