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Article History

Received: 5 April 2025

Accepted: 29 May 2026

First Online: 5 June 2026

Competing interests

: The author declares no competing interests.

: This study follows the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and has been approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee of Shenzhen Longgang District Education Science Research Institute. Participants provided voluntary informed consent and could withdraw at any time. Additionally, our data was anonymized to protect participant privacy.

: All aspects of this study were conducted voluntarily by the participating teachers. Prior to data collection, all participants provided formal written informed consent. They were informed that all personal information would be anonymized and kept confidential during the entire research process. Participants were also free to withdraw from the study at any time without penalty.