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Article History

Received: 13 July 2025

Accepted: 9 June 2026

First Online: 17 June 2026

Ethics

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

Ethics approval: This study was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of Academia Sinica, Taiwan (Approval No. AS-IRB-HS 2023-018, approval date: September 15, 2023). All procedures were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the committee and the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments. Prior to data collection, all participants were informed about the purpose and scope of the research, and informed consent was obtained from each participant between October 1, 2023, and December 15, 2023. Participation was voluntary, and respondents were assured of the confidentiality and anonymity of their data.

Informed consent: All participants in this study were informed about the purpose and scope of the research prior to data collection. Participation was voluntary, and informed consent was obtained from all participants before they responded to the survey.