Chen, Xiaojing
Fan, Hongli
Zhang, Xingwang
Wang, Zili
Song, Hao
Sun, Meng
Song, Fangxing
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (32500940)
Article History
Received: 2 May 2025
Accepted: 12 June 2026
First Online: 19 June 2026
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of School of Psychology at the Shaanxi Normal University (Date 2018.09/No. 31800942).
: Informed consent was obtained through a standardized procedure. Research staff explained the study purpose, procedures, and confidentiality protections to each participant and their legal guardian. After ensuring that both fully understood the information, written informed consent was obtained from participants and their guardians before data collection. The informed consent was obtained in Oct. 2020.