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Authors
Alrabie, Mohammad
Relph, Amanda
Sari, Imelda
Jayasundara, J.M.P.V.K.
Hosseinian-Far, Amin
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Enhancing Research Cultures Scheme - University of Hertfordshire ((PJ C006580.23))
Enhancing Research Cultures Scheme - University of Hertfordshire ((PJ C006580.23))
Enhancing Research Cultures Scheme - University of Hertfordshire ((PJ C006580.23))
Enhancing Research Cultures Scheme - University of Hertfordshire ((PJ C006580.23))
Enhancing Research Cultures Scheme - University of Hertfordshire ((PJ C006580.23))
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Article History
Received: 9 October 2025
Accepted: 15 July 2026
First Online: 31 August 2026
Ethics
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Ethical approval: All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were in accordance with the National Research Committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments. The study was approved by the Social Sciences, Arts and Humanities Ethics Committee with Delegated Authority at the University on 12/02/2025, under the following ethics protocol number: (0673 2025 Feb SSAH), valid until 31/05/2025.
Informed consent: Written informed consents were obtained prior to interviewing the participants online, as conditioned in (0673 2025 Feb SSAH), by the authors, from teaching-focused staff. The scope of the consents covered participation, data use, and consent to publish. The interviews took place between 24/03/2025 and 04/04/2025, during which the interviews were subject to receiving the written informed consents from the participants in advance. Following is the signed consents and their respective interview dates: One interview on 24/03/2025, consent received on 21/03/2025. Four interviews on 27/03/2025, consents received on 24/03/2025. Seven interviews on 28/03/2025, consents received on 24/03/2025. One interview on 01/04/2025, consent received on 28/03/2025. Two interviews on 03/04/2025, consents received on 31/03/2025. One interview on 04/04/2025, consent received on 31/03/2025.
