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Authors
Alhamami, Munassir
Alalmay, Hasan
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Deanship of Scientific Research, King Khalid University
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Article History
Received: 27 January 2026
Accepted: 17 July 2026
First Online: 24 July 2026
Ethics
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Ethical approval: Ethical approval for this survey study was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee at King Khalid University (HAPO-06-B-001; approval number ECM#2025-3101). Ethical approval was granted on October 23, 2025, and is valid until October 22, 2026. All procedures involving human participants followed the committee’s regulations and the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
Informed consent: Informed consent to participate was obtained digitally from all participants at the start of the online survey, before any responses were recorded. Informed consent was obtained during the data collection period from October 25, 2025 (1:14:51 PM, GMT + 3) to November 6, 2025 (9:20:33 PM, GMT + 3). Participation was voluntary. The survey was anonymous, and data were handled using standard confidentiality procedures.
