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Authors
Tan, Chao
Yang, Wenying
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Social Science Planning Fund Program Of Shandong Province (24DJJJ08)
Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2025QC762)
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Article History
Received: 20 October 2025
Accepted: 6 August 2026
First Online: 14 August 2026
Ethics
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
Ethical approval: This study uses archival data from licensed commercial databases and publicly available corporate disclosures and does not involve human participants, human tissue, or personally identifiable private information. Ethics approval was therefore not required.
Informed consent: Not applicable.
