Manzoor, Sheikh Raheel
Ullah, Atif
Ullah, Rezwan
Khattak, Afraseyab
Han, Heesup http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6356-3001
Yoo, Sunghoon
Article History
Received: 3 February 2023
Accepted: 20 November 2023
First Online: 7 December 2023
Competing interests
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: We followed the standard procedures and utilized validated measurement instruments. The study was conducted in accordance with the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki. Furthermore, we obtained approval from the Ethics Committee of the IQRA National University, Swat, Pakistan via Letter: Ref: Inuswat/Asst Reg/2023/1132 (letter enclosed attached).
: Before participating in the study, all research participants were provided with clear and comprehensive information about the research objectives, their rights, and the nature of their involvement. Participants were required to provide informed consent willingly and voluntarily. Participation in the research was entirely voluntary, and participants were free to withdraw from the study at any time without facing any adverse consequences.