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Article History

Received: 28 February 2024

Revised: 19 June 2024

Accepted: 25 September 2024

First Online: 18 February 2025

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

: The authors of this work declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

: S , wear scar width (mm); V , wear volume (mm 3 ); R 1 , the radius of the dual sphere (mm); R 2 , friction radius (mm); L , friction distance (mm); n , motor speed (rpm); T , Time (s); F , normal load (N); δ, volume abrasion rate (mm 3 /N m). In the process of micro-arc oxidation, the product is Al 2 O 3 electrochemical reaction equation, including the following: AlOOH–γ-Al 2 O 3 is formed above 150°C—Above 1200°C, it transforms into α-Al 2 O 3