Document is current

Article History

Received: 5 May 2025

Accepted: 9 July 2025

First Online: 4 August 2025

Declarations

:

: We would like to inform the Editor about any possible conflicts of interest and significant financial support related to the research. Every author has scrutinized and endorsed the manuscript, and no hidden contributors meet the requirements for authorship. Everyone involved has agreed on the order of authors. We have taken measures to safeguard the intellectual property rights linked to this study and to eliminate any impediments to publication, including adherence to the guidelines set forth by the institutions. The Corresponding Author is the primary point of contact for all editorial matters, involving interactions with the Editorial Manager and the office. He/she will handle communications with co-authors related to progress, revisions, and final proof approvals. It is verified that the Corresponding Author has an up-to-date and correct email address that can receive messages from Minxiu Yan and Rui Hu.

: The research adhered to the ethical standards set by the Institutional Review Board at Shenyang University of Chemical Technology. Prior to their involvement, all subjects provided written consent after being fully informed about the study. The protocol received approval from Shenyang University of Chemical Technology. No animals were involved in this research.

: Ethical clearance was granted for this research by the Institutional Review Board at Shenyang University of Chemical Technology. Prior to the commencement of the research, all participants provided informed consent, and their privacy was rigorously protected throughout the research.