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Authors
Wang, Jianke
Li, Mingxiao
Zhang, Ze
Duan, Yu
Zhang, Ziyi
Liu, Hanlin
Yang, Ke
Liu, Jiang
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality (L242029)
Hospital Elite Medical Professionals Project of China-Japan Friendship Hospital (ZRJY2021-GG05)
foreign expert project (G2023090001L)
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Article History
Received: 13 February 2025
Accepted: 2 April 2025
First Online: 11 April 2025
Declarations
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: This study was conducted as a retrospective analysis of clinical data, and informed consent was obtained from all participants. All personal information was anonymized to ensure the confidentiality and privacy of the participants. The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China, and was performed in accordance with the ethical standards of the Declaration of Helsinki. Mendelian randomization analysis utilizes summary data from various publicly available large-scale GWASs and does not include any individual-specific information. Patient consent was previously obtained in the original studies; therefore, this study does not require new patient consent. The GWASs also received ethical approval from the respective ethics review boards.
: All the authors of this study have read and approved the final manuscript. They consent to the publication of the research findings in The Journal of Headache and Pain.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
