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Article History

Received: 14 April 2025

Accepted: 22 July 2025

First Online: 15 August 2025

Declarations

:

: Participants or their authorized representatives provided written informed consent.

: PM serves as the Editor-in-Chief of The Journal of Headache and Pain and SN Comprehensive Clinical Medicine. M.W-P is a member of the Editorial Board of The Journal of Headache and Pain. RO reports personal fees or non-financial support from AbbVie, Bayer, Eli Lilly, Lundbeck, Novartis, Organon, Pfizer, and Teva; he is an Editorial Board Member of The Journal of Headache and Pain, Confinia Cephalalgica, and Associate Editor for Frontiers in Neurology and Arquivos de Neuropsiquiatria. PP-R reports in the last 36 months, fees as a consultant and speaker for: AbbVie, Dr. Reddy’s, Eli Lilly, Lundbeck, Medscape, Novartis, Organon, Pfizer and Teva. Her research group has received research grants from AbbVie, Novartis and Teva; as well as, InstitutoSalud Carlos III, EraNet Neuron, European Regional Development Fund (001-P-001682) under theframework of the FEDER Operative Programme for Catalunya 2014-2020 - RIS3CAT; has receivedfunding for clinical trials from AbbVie, Amgen, Biohaven, Eli Lilly, Lundbeck, Novartis, Pfizer Teva. SS reports personal fees as speaker or advisor from Abbott, Allergan-Abbvie, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer, Eli Lilly, Lundbeck, Pfizer, and Teva; she received research grants from Novartis and Uriach; she is President of the European Stroke Organisation, Editor-in-Chief of Cephalalgia and Cephalalgia Reports, and Assistant Editor for Stroke. DM has received fees and travel grants from AbbVie, Bristol Myers Squibb, Cross Pharma, Eli Lilly, Genesis Pharma, Haleon, Merck, Lundbeck, Novartis, Orion, Roche, Pfizer, Viatris, AstraZeneca, and Teva Pharmaceuticals; has participated in clinical trials for Amgen, Eli Lily, Lundberg, Novartis, Pfizer, and Teva Pharmaceuticals, as principal investigator; is president of the Hellenic Headache Society; is a member of the Management Group of the Headache Scientific Panel and of the Coordinating panel for the Functional Neurological Disorders at the European Academy of Neurology; and a past-President of the European Headache Federation. AO reports receiving personal fees as a speaker or advisor from AbbVie, Eli Lilly, TEVA, Pfizer, Organon, Ali Raif, İlko, and Neutec. She is a board member of IHS. She is the current president of the Global Migraine and Pain Society and MENAA Headache Society. She serves as a guest editor or reviewer for several Journals, including Cephalalgia, Cephalalgia Reports, TJHP, BMC Neurology, Headache, and Frontiers in Neurology. FV received travel grants, honoraria for advisory board, speaker panels, or clinical investigation studies from Allergan/AbbVie, Angelini, Eli Lilly, Lundbeck, Novartis, Pfizer, and Teva Pharmaceuticals; he serves as Specialty Chief Editor of Frontiers in Neurology Headache and Neurogenic Pain section. MB previously received sponsorship, financial support, fees from: Abbott Laboratories, AbbVie Inc, Allergan Inc, Berlin-Chemie AG (Menarini Group), Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH, Desitin Arzneimittel GmbH, EV3, Gedeon Richter Ltd, GlaxoSmithKline, KBM Pharma Ltd., H. Lundbeck A/S, Novartis Pharma Services Inc, Nycomed SEFA, Orion Pharma, Pfizer Inc, Sanofi-Aventis, Sandoz d.d., Scanmed Group, Solvay Pharmaceuticals, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd./Sicor Biotech UAB, Zentiva International.

: was obtained from the Institutional Review Board and/or relevant Ethics Committees at all participating centers (protocol number from coordinating center: 45/2020-21). Participants or their authorized representatives provided written informed consent.