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Authors
Barbanti, Piero
Fiorentini, Giulia
Camarda, Cecilia
Autunno, Massimo
Pistoia, Francesca
Aurilia, Cinzia
d’Onofrio, Florindo
Egeo, Gabriella
Carnevale, Antonio
Caproni, Stefano
Doretti, Alberto
Cherchi, Alessandra
De Simone, Roberto
Zucco, Maurizio
Rinalduzzi, Steno
Colombo, Bruno
Filippi, Massimo
Quintana, Simone
Russo, Marco
Coppola, Alfonso
Grugno, Rosario
Bartolini, Marco
Viticchi, Giovanna
Rao, Renata
Albanese, Maria
Vernieri, Fabrizio
Grazzi, Licia
Robotti, Micaela
Di Summa, Alfonsina
Aguggia, Marco
Di Poggio, Monica Laura Bandettini
Finocchi, Cinzia
Terlizzi, Rossana
Sansone, Mattia
Gragnani, Francesca
Querzani, Pietro
Perini, Francesco
Solla, Paolo
Favoni, Valentina
Ferrau, Ludovica
Saporito, Gennaro
Iannaccone, Elisabetta
Colosimo, Carlo
Messina, Stefano
Di Clemente, Laura
Cortese, Francesca
Scatena, Paola
Cosenza, Domenico
Brunelli, Nicoletta
Querzola, Giacomo
Gai, Annalisa
Cazzulo, Sara
Tazza, Francesco
Guarinoni, Martina
Ercoli, Tommaso
Tavani, Sofia
Orlando, Bianca
Bono, Francesco
Bruno, Pietro Antonio
Proietti, Stefania
Bonassi, Stefano
Tomino, Carlo
Porreca, Annamaria
Torelli, Paola
Cevoli, Sabina
,
Alfieri, Gennaro
Andreone, Vincenzo
Aquino, Mariamichela
Borrello, Laura
Bozzo, Giulia
Braca, Simone
Cesarano, Simone
Cetta, Ilaria
Cocuzza, Alessandro
Colombo, Eleonora
D’Agostino, Vittoria Carla
De Luca, Marcella
Deidda, Arianna
Frediani, Fabio
Pestalozza, Isabella Ferdinanda
Forino, Lorenzo
Gambini, Chiara
Genovese, Federica
Gotti, Alessandro
Sixt, Gabriele Johanna
Laffranchi, Alice
Lo Presti, Riccardo
Mantica, Davide
Marcosano, Marilena
Masia, Aurora
Mascarella, Davide
Mercuri, Nicola Biagio
Messina, Roberta
Pierangeli, Giulia
Petolicchio, Barbara
Puddu, Enrica Maria
Ranchicchio, Prabha Cristina
Ranieri, Angelo
Serafini, Chiara
Silva, Pamela
Tiriticco, Marco
Vallarino, Paolo
Vita, Gianluca
Zanandrea, Laura
Zoroddu, Francesco
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Article History
Received: 28 July 2025
Accepted: 23 August 2025
First Online: 2 October 2025
Declarations
:
: The protocol of the study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the coordinating center, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma (16/int, 31/7/20) and shared by the Ethics Committees of the other centers.
: Piero Barbanti received travel grants, honoraria for advisory boards, speaker panels or clinical investigation studies from Abbvie, Alder, Allergan, Amgen, Angelini, Assosalute, Bayer, Biohaven, ElectroCore, Eli-Lilly, Fondazione Ricerca e Salute, GSK, Lundbeck, Lusofarmaco, 1MED, MSD, New Penta, Noema Pharma, Novartis, Organon, Orion Pharma, Pfizer, Stx-Med, Teva, Viatris, Visufarma, Zambon and serves as President with Italian Association of Headache Sufferers. Francesca Pistoia received travel grants, honoraria for advisory boards from Allergan/Abbvie, Lilly, Lundbeck, Organon, Pfizer, Novartis, and Teva. Cinzia Aurilia received travel grants from Eli-Lilly, FB-Health, Lusofarmaco and Teva, honoraria from Novartis, Eli-Lilly and Teva. Florindo d’Onofrio received travel grant, honoraria as a speaker or for partecipating in advisory boards from Novartis, Teva, Neopharmed Gentili, Qbgroup srl, K link srl and Eli-Lilly. Gabriella Egeo received travel grants and honoraria from Eli-Lilly, Novartis, New Penta and Ecupharma. Alberto Doretti received compensation for consulting services and/or speaking activities from Abbvie, Eli Lilly, Teva, Lundbeck, Pfizer, IPSEN, Merz, Exeltis, Novartis, Zambon, Neopharmed Gentili, Piam. Bruno Colombo received travel grants honoraria for advisory boards from Lundbeck, Teva, Abbvie, Organon. Massimo Filippi is the Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Neurology, Associate Editor of Human Brain Mapping, Neurological Sciences, and Radiology; received compensation for consulting services from Alexion, Almirall, Biogen, Horizon, Merck, Novartis, Roche, and Sanofi; speaking activities from Bayer, Biogen, Celgene, Chiesi Italia SpA, Eli Lilly, Genzyme, Horizon, Janssen, Merck-Serono, Neopharmed Gentili, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Roche, Sanofi, Takeda, and TEVA; participation in Advisory Boards for Alexion, Biogen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Horizon, Merck, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi, Sanofi-Aventis, Sanofi-Genzyme, and Takeda; scientific direction of educational events for Biogen, Merck, Roche, Celgene, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Lilly, Novartis, and Sanofi-Genzyme; he receives research support from Biogen Idec, Merck-Serono, Novartis, Roche, Italian Ministry of Health, Fondazione Italiana Sclerosi Multipla, and ARiSLA (Fondazione Italiana di Ricerca per la SLA). Marco Bartolini received honoraria for speaker activities from Lusofarmaco and Neopharmed. Giovanna Viticchi received honoraria for speaker activities and participating in advisory boards from Eli-Lilly, AbbVie, Teva and Boehringer Ingelheim. Renata Rao received honoraria from Abbvie, Lundbeck, Organon and Pfizer. Fabrizio Vernieri received travel grants, honoraria for advisory boards, speaker panels, or clinical investigation studies from Abbvie, Amgen, Angelini, Eli-Lilly, Lundbeck, Organon, Orion Pharma, Pfizer, Novartis, and Teva. Cinzia Finocchi received grants and honoraria from Teva, Abbvie, Organon, Orion, Pfizer, Lundbeck, Lilly. Mattia Sansone received honorarium for speaker activities from Lundbeck. Francesca Gragnani free consultant Lundbeck, Nume Plus, Summeet Srl. Paolo Solla has received speaker honoraria from Alexion, Bayer, Zambon, and Johnson and Johnson. Valentina Favoni received travel grants, honoraria for advisory boards and speaker panels from Abbvie, Eli-Lilly, Lundbeck, Pfizer and Teva. Francesca Cortese received honoraria for advisory board from Abbvie. Francesco Tazza: Orion, Abbvie, Biogen. Paola Torelli received travel grant, honoraria as a speaker, or for participating in advisory boards from Abbvie, Pfizer, Teva, Organon, Lundbeck. Sabina Cevoli received travel grants, honoraria for advisory boards, speaker panels or clinical investigation studies from Abbvie, Angelini, Biohaven, Eli-Lilly, Ipsen, Lundbeck, Novartis, Organon, Pfizer, Teva. Angelo Ranieri Honoraria for speaking activity, consulting, editorial contribution, travel grants from: Lundbeck, TEVA, Ely Lilly, Momento Medico spa, CTP spa, Vyvamed srl, CTP srl, K-link srl, AIM Education srl, Organon, Pfizer. Gennaro Alfieri for editorial contribution, travel grants from: Lundbeck, TEVA, Ely Lilly, Momento Medico spa, Pfizer. Eleonora Colombo received compensation for consulting services and/or speaking activities from Eli Lilly, Lundbeck. Fabio Frediani received honoraria as speaker or for participating in advisory boards from Novartis, Teva and Eli-Lilly. Roberta Messina received honoraria for speaker activities and participating in advisory boards from Abbvie, Biomedia, Eli Lilly, Lundbeck, Pfizer and Teva. Davide Mascarella received educational grant from Organon and travel grant from Teva. Giulia Fiorentini, Marco Aguggia, Maria Albanese, Massimo Autunno, Monica Laura Bandettini di Poggio, Laura Borrello, Stefano Bonassi, Francesco Bono, Nicoletta Brunelli, Pietro Antonio Bruno, Cecilia Camarda, Antonio Carnevale, Stefano Caproni, Sara Cazzulo, Alessandra Cherchi, Carlo Colosimo, Domenico Cosenza, Alfonso Coppola, Laura Di Clemente, Alfonsina Di Summa, Roberto De Simone, Tommaso Ercoli, Ludovica Ferrau, Annalisa Gai, Licia Grazzi, Martina Guarinoni, Rosario Grugno, Elisabetta Iannaccone, Stefano Messina, Francesco Perini, Annamaria Porreca, Stefania Proietti, Simone Quintana, Giacomo Querzola, Pietro Querzani, Steno Rinalduzzi, Micaela Robotti, Marco Russo, Gennaro Saporito, Paola Scatena, Sofia Tavani, Rossana Terlizzi, Carlo Tomino, Maurizio Zucco, Mariamichela Aquino, Vincenzo Andreone, Giulia Bozzo, Ilaria Cetta, Simone Cesarano, Alessandro Cocuzza, Vittoria Carla D'Agostino, Marcella De Luca, Arianna Deidda, Isabella Ferdinanda Pestalozza, Lorenzo Forino, Chiara Gambini, Federica Genovese, Alessandro Gotti, Gabriele Johanna Sixt, Alice Laffranchi, Riccardo Lo Presti, Davide Mantica, Marilena Marcosano, Aurora Masia, Nicola Biagio Mercuri, Enrica Maria Puddu, Prabha Cristina Ranchicchio, Chiara Serafini, Pamela Silva, Giulia Pierangeli, Barbara Petolicchio, Marco Tiriticco, Paolo Vallarino, Gianluca Vita, Laura Zanandrea, Francesco Zoroddu have no disclosures to declare.
