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Authors
Shibata, Mamoru
Shimizu, Toshihiko
Takemura, Ryo
Sakai, Fumihiko
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Tokyo Dental College
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Article History
Received: 14 July 2025
Accepted: 13 September 2025
First Online: 6 November 2025
Declarations
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: Ethical approval for the present study was obtained from the Tokyo Dental College Ichikawa General Hospital Ethics Committee (Authorization number: I 24–05). This was a voluntary survey, and all participants provided informed consent prior to participation on the condition that their data would be anonymized.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
