Document is current

Article History

Received: 2 June 2025

Accepted: 19 September 2025

First Online: 7 October 2025

Declarations

:

: The protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee for Biomedical Research of the University of Parakou (CLERB-UP) under number 189/CLERB-UP/P/SP/SA. All participants provided written consent before enrollment. The anonymity and confidentiality of the information collected were respected in accordance with data protection laws. Necessary authorizations from administrative authorities were obtained, and the study complied with the Declaration of Helsinki.

: Not applicable.

: The author MA is a guest editor of The Journal of Headache and Pain. The rest of the authors declare no competing interests.