Document is current

Article History

Received: 15 October 2025

Accepted: 8 December 2025

First Online: 23 December 2025

Declarations

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: G. Sebastianelli reports receiving personal fees from AbbVie and serves as a member of the Editorial Board of Neurology Residents and Fellows Sections and The Junior Editorial Board of The Journal of Headache and Pain. W.S. Ha serves as Junior Editor of The Journal of Headache and Pain and received honoraria for speaker activity and participating in advisory board from UCB. R. Messina reports receiving personal fees from AbbVie, Biomedia, Eli Lilly, Lundbeck, Organon, Pfizer, and Teva, and grants from the Italian Ministry of Health, outside of the submitted work; and she serves as a member of the Junior Editorial Board of The Journal of Headache and Pain. L.L.H. Pan serves as a member of the Junior Editorial Board of The Journal of Headache and Pain. A. Labastida serves as a member of the Junior Editorial Board of The Journal of Headache and Pain. E. Rubio-Beltran serves as a member of the Junior Editorial Board of The Journal of Headache and Pain. D. Vuralli serves as a member of the Junior Editorial Board of The Journal of Headache and Pain. W. Wells-Gatnik serves as a member of the Junior Editorial Board of The Journal of Headache and Pain. S.M. Yener serves as a member of the Junior Editorial Board of The Journal of Headache and Pain. P. Martelletti declares to be Editor-in-Chief of The Journal of Headache and Pain and of SN Comprehensive Clinical Medicine; Editorial Board Member of Clinical Drug Investigation, Pain and Therapy; Internal and Emergency Medicine, Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics; EU Expert, European Medicine Agency. The authors declare no competing interests in regard to this research. None of the authors were involved in the revision process or in the decision of acceptance of the manuscript. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.