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Article History

Received: 18 February 2026

Accepted: 23 March 2026

First Online: 2 April 2026

Declarations

:

: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval for UKB was obtained from the North West Multi-centre Research Ethics Committee. All participants provided written informed consent, and analyses were performed under approved UKB applications. GWAS and scRNA-seq data were publicly available, de-identified, and derived from studies with appropriate local ethics approval and consent.

: This manuscript does not include details, images, or videos relating to an individual person; therefore, consent for publication is not needed beyond the informed consent provided by all study participants as described above.

: The authors declare no competing interests.