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Authors
Agbetou Houessou, Mendinatou
Adoukonou, Thierry
Tchuenga Fokom, Willy
Dovoedo, Nelly
Şaşmaz, Tayyar
Bozdağ, Fatma
Uluduz, Derya
Husøy, Andreas Kattem
Steiner, Timothy J.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
NTNU Norwegian University of Science and Technology
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Article History
Received: 13 May 2026
Accepted: 2 July 2026
First Online: 16 July 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Parakou (ref: 0265/CLERB-UP/P/SP/R/SA). The survey was explained to school managers and teachers of the selected schools, whose agreement to participate was necessary. Pupils’ consents and parental non-objection were required for participation.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: AKH and TJS are Directors and Trustees of Lifting The Burden . AKH is a member of the editorial board, and TJS is associate editor, of The Journal of Headache and Pain. Otherwise, no author declares a conflict of interest in relation to the content of this manuscript.
